Lesson 1
In the previous term you have learnt about:
What were the significant events and who were the significant people
who shaped Australian colonies?
What do we know about the lives of people in Australia's colonial past
and how do we know?
The assessment for this unit is an historical inquiry, which will be presented as a web site, You Tube video or Digital Story.
These inquiry questions will relate to the gold rushes, Peter Lalor and
the Eureka Stockade.
Lesson Objectives:
The objectives for this lesson will be to revise the historical knowledge and skills that you will need to complete your assessment piece.
For this lesson we will:
We are really looking at what were the significant events and who were the significant people that shaped the colonies.
In the previous term you have learnt about:
What were the significant events and who were the significant people
who shaped Australian colonies?
What do we know about the lives of people in Australia's colonial past
and how do we know?
The assessment for this unit is an historical inquiry, which will be presented as a web site, You Tube video or Digital Story.
These inquiry questions will relate to the gold rushes, Peter Lalor and
the Eureka Stockade.
Lesson Objectives:
The objectives for this lesson will be to revise the historical knowledge and skills that you will need to complete your assessment piece.
For this lesson we will:
- Revise the historical terms relevent to the Eueka Stockade.
- Revise the concept of significance in relation to Govenor La Tobe's actions.
- Revise sources and information about Govenor Las Trobe.
- Describe the significance of Govenor La Trobe's actions in shaping the colony, using the correct historical terms and concepts.
We are really looking at what were the significant events and who were the significant people that shaped the colonies.
In this section of the unit we revise the skills learnt in the first part of the year, and learn some new information and skills that we need to produce our assessment piece.
This will be firstly a historical investigation on Peter Lalor and the Eureka Stockade. For this investigation we will, develop questions, identify sources, identify points of view, locate and record information, sequence the information on a time line, organise and compose a text then produce a web page or digital story that we can upload to YouTube. To accomplish this we will work through a historical inqiry that has been prepared to assist you develop the skills that you will need.
For this lesson we are looking at Govener La Trobe's actions and how they were significant in shaping the colony.
So lets have a look at the significant events of the 1800’s. I have made a timeline on the revision page, but we can make a time line of any significant event or person.
This will be firstly a historical investigation on Peter Lalor and the Eureka Stockade. For this investigation we will, develop questions, identify sources, identify points of view, locate and record information, sequence the information on a time line, organise and compose a text then produce a web page or digital story that we can upload to YouTube. To accomplish this we will work through a historical inqiry that has been prepared to assist you develop the skills that you will need.
For this lesson we are looking at Govener La Trobe's actions and how they were significant in shaping the colony.
So lets have a look at the significant events of the 1800’s. I have made a timeline on the revision page, but we can make a time line of any significant event or person.
For this lesson you will need to revise the glossary and timelines that are on the revision page.
What are the historical terms we will use in this lesson and do you know what they mean?
What are the historical terms we will use in this lesson and do you know what they mean?
- Eureka - A word that the miners yelled when they found gold
- Stockade - A barrier of stakes and timber
- Trooper - A police officer on horseback
- Rebellion - an organised protest against a government authority
Make sure that you use these terms in thier context to discuss the events of the Eureka Stockade or Eureka Rebellion.
EUREKA !
How would you use those words to describe what is happening in this picture?
Unrest at the goldfields.
Govenor La Trobe issued and enforced gold licences, this led to a series of events that brought change.
We think that his actions are important, or significant, because they brought change at the time, affected a lot of people either positively or negatively, are considered inportant now and brought lasting change to peoples lives.
This Biography is a great informational resource.
Changes that happened as a result of Govenor La Trobe's actions:
How many of these show aspects of significance? Did you notice that there were a number of impacts shown in this example. There are economic, social and political impacts.
Using this information write a paragraph about Govenor La Trobes Actions.
Remember the intorduction, the body and the conclusion.
- miners had to pay for their licences
- Men and women have the right to vote in elections.
- A Gold Commission was established. Later the licenceswere replaced by a miner’s right, which cost less than licences and lasted a year.
- Conflict between miners and troopers led to the Eureka Stockade.
How many of these show aspects of significance? Did you notice that there were a number of impacts shown in this example. There are economic, social and political impacts.
Using this information write a paragraph about Govenor La Trobes Actions.
Remember the intorduction, the body and the conclusion.
Remember to include the cause and affect,
A HINT: Miners had to pay for their licences, the miners thought that this was unfair, therefore there was unrest in the camps.
Cause, and Affect
A HINT: Miners had to pay for their licences, the miners thought that this was unfair, therefore there was unrest in the camps.
Cause, and Affect
Sources, where can we find information about Govenor La Trobe.
Remember: Primary sources and Secondary sources
Primary: buildings, letters, photographs, statues, laws, treaties, diaries
Secondary: biography, textbook, writings of historians, documentaries How do we choose a source?
What information is required? Can you understand the vocabulary, language style, and concepts? |
What forms of sources are we looking for?
written - books, letters, diaries physical - person visual - painting, statue oral - interview, stories How do we know it's a valid source?
Primary or secondary? Who created the original? When was it created? Who was the original intended audience? What is the context of the source? |
Some hints on how to start looking, some key events of the gold licences:
Issuing mining licences
Police checks for licences
Miners riot and burn down the Eureka Hotel
Ballarat Reform League formed by miners
Miners meet, burn licences and raise the Eureka Flag
Conflict when miners refuse to show licences
Miners build Eureka Stockade
A commission into the goldfields is formed and miners can vote.
Some writing tips:
Topic Sentence
Body Conclusion |
Remember the topic sentence uses all
key words (or synonyms of key words) from the question. The words from the question are rearranged. The body has sentences that relate to the topic sentence. The information in these sentences link to each other. Cause and effect words such as ‘as a result’, ‘consequently’ and ‘because’ are often used here. This is where you could include the impacts, it would be written in the same order as the topic sentence. The points about the ecconoic impact frist, then social then political. It links to and reinforces your topic sentence. |
Lets look at some key events following the introduction of gold licences in 1851.
The Eureka Stockade: A Chronology
The Eureka Stockade: A Chronology
1851
December 1851 1852-53 December 1853 1854 June 1854 October 1854 11 November 1854 27 November 1854 28 November 1854 29 November 1854 30 November 1854 1-2 December 1854 3 December 1854 6 December 1854 7 December 1854 8-11 December 1854 9 December 1854 11-18 December 1854 February-March 1855 |
Licensing system introduced by Lieutenant-Governor La Trobe. Miners required to pay 30 shillings per month for the right to mine for g old: no representation in the Legislative Council; no ready access to land for small settlers.
Mass meeting of miners at Mount Alexander (Castlemaine) condemns the license fee as 'an illegal taxation'. Unrest continues to simmer throughout the gold fields. In 1853, miners on Bendigo gold fields deliver petition t o La Trobe. License fee reduced to £1 per month, £2 per quarter, or £8 per year. La Trobe initiates legislation to extend the franchise to miners with a twelve-month (£8) license: Act passed by Legislative Council, but Royal Assent delayed. Sir Charles Hotham replaces La Trobe as Governor: immediately cuts government spending and orders rigorous enforcement of licensing system. James Scobie, a miner, killed in a fight. Four men - including James Bentley, owner of Eureka Hotel and friend of magistrate John d'Ewes - arrested for the murder, but discharged by a court consisting of d'Ewes, Resident Gold Fields Commissioner Robert Rede and Assistant Commissioner James Johnstone. Johnstone dissents from the verdict. Meeting of several thousand miners condemns the court's decision. Breakaway mob burns Bentley's hotel: several arrested. Servant to Catholic priest Patrick Smith harrassed by police. Formation of Ballarat Reform League. Hotham refuses to release rioters arrested during burning of Bentley's hotel, but agrees to appoint a miners' representative to Legislative Council. Group of Irish miners skirmishes with military reinforcements arriving from Melbourne. Licenses burnt at mass meeting on Bakery Hill. License check ordered. Stones thrown at police. Several miners arrested. Several hundred miners swear by the flag of the Southern Cross to 'fight to uphold our rights and liberties'. Peter Lalor elected leader. Stockade built. Numbers inside stockade dwindle as miners leave to collect food and ammunition. By evening of 2 December about 200 remain. Combined force of mounted and foot police, infantry and cavalry attacks stockade shortly before dawn. After a battle lasting about 20 minutes, the miners are defeated. Approximately 30 deaths and over 100 arrests. Martial Law proclaimed. Commission to enquire into the gold fields appointed. Committal proceedings for the 'rioters' arrested during the attack on the stockade: only 13 are committed for trial. Martial Law lifted. Warrants issued for the arrest of leaders of the uprising not apprehended during the attack on the stockade. Lalor successfully avoids capture. Trials of the 13 'rioters': all acquitted. Henry Seekamp, editor of the Ballarat times, convicted of seditious libel and sentenced to six months imprisonment. Report of Gold Fields Commission recommends replacement of licence fee with an export duty on gold, issuing of a £1 annual 'miner's right' constituting the miner's title deed to his claim, and the opening of Crown land to small holders. Recommendatio ns promptly adopted by government. Hotham resigns as Governor. |
What were the causes and what were the effects of Govenor La Trobes actions
Cause: Govenor La Trobe inroduces gold licences.
Event: Mining licences are issued.
Effect: What were the effects form this event ? The students could reference the timeline to write a paragraph about the significance of the gold licences.
Cause: Govenor La Trobe inroduces gold licences.
Event: Mining licences are issued.
Effect: What were the effects form this event ? The students could reference the timeline to write a paragraph about the significance of the gold licences.
References:
Eureka on Trial: Timeline. Retrieved 15th December, 2013. <http://web.archive.org/web/20100504100533/http://eureka.imagineering.com.au/timeline.htm>
Guile, M, 2012, MacMillan Publishing, Stories From Australian History, Peter Lalor and the Eureka Stockade. Retrieved 12th November 2013. <http://www.macmillan.com.au/mea/demoversions/MDL/Contents/SFAH_Eureka.pdf>
Jill Eastwood, 'La Trobe, Charles Joseph (1801–1875)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, Retrieved 15th December 2013.
http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/la-trobe-charles-joseph-2334/text3039
Public Record Office Victoria, 2013, State of the Goldfields. Retrieved 15th December 2013.
http://prov.vic.gov.au/whats-on/exhibitions/eureka-on-trial/state-of-the-goldfields
State Library New South Wales, 2013, Eureka The Rush For Gold. Retrieved 15th November 2013. http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/discover_collections/history_nation/gold/
State Library of Victoria, 2013, The Eureka Stockade: A Chronology. Retrieved 16th December 2013.
< http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/41739/20040505-0000/www.statelibrary.vic.gov.au/slv_/exhibitions/goldfields/eureka/chronol.htm>
The Eureka Centre, 2013, The Eureka Rebellion-Timeline of Events. Retrieved 15th December 2013.
http://www.eurekaballarat.com/media/209212/eureka_timeline.pdf
The free dictionary, 2013. Retrieved 15th December 2013.
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/rebellion
Eureka on Trial: Timeline. Retrieved 15th December, 2013. <http://web.archive.org/web/20100504100533/http://eureka.imagineering.com.au/timeline.htm>
Guile, M, 2012, MacMillan Publishing, Stories From Australian History, Peter Lalor and the Eureka Stockade. Retrieved 12th November 2013. <http://www.macmillan.com.au/mea/demoversions/MDL/Contents/SFAH_Eureka.pdf>
Jill Eastwood, 'La Trobe, Charles Joseph (1801–1875)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, Retrieved 15th December 2013.
http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/la-trobe-charles-joseph-2334/text3039
Public Record Office Victoria, 2013, State of the Goldfields. Retrieved 15th December 2013.
http://prov.vic.gov.au/whats-on/exhibitions/eureka-on-trial/state-of-the-goldfields
State Library New South Wales, 2013, Eureka The Rush For Gold. Retrieved 15th November 2013. http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/discover_collections/history_nation/gold/
State Library of Victoria, 2013, The Eureka Stockade: A Chronology. Retrieved 16th December 2013.
< http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/41739/20040505-0000/www.statelibrary.vic.gov.au/slv_/exhibitions/goldfields/eureka/chronol.htm>
The Eureka Centre, 2013, The Eureka Rebellion-Timeline of Events. Retrieved 15th December 2013.
http://www.eurekaballarat.com/media/209212/eureka_timeline.pdf
The free dictionary, 2013. Retrieved 15th December 2013.
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/rebellion